Enabling inclusion by creating discursive space
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چکیده
Being inclusive across cultural and ethnic differences continues to be an important and topical challenge for public services in European societies that host large immigrant communities and that are facing new immigration flows. Concurrently, welfare states are changing, and often, as in the Netherlands, a more active role for citizens as well as partnerships between government, professional expertise and civil society are deemed crucial for the welfare state’s survival. If the ideal of citizen responsibilzation is to be pursued in a fashion that is also inclusive, this requires European societies to engage with ‘difference’ in a way that departs from the idea that immigrants and refugees must be seen primarily as vulnerable groups in need of help and lacking the resources to fully contribute to host societies.
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